In writing my first disaster classification discuss disaster based on a contributing factor. This time I will discuss the classification of disasters in the order / sequence of events.
Classification of disaster based on the sequence of events is the Disaster primary, secondary, tertiary and quarter. In the event the real disaster could have been a disaster only a primary event or could be sequentially until tertiary disaster.
General definition of each category of disasters are:
- Primary disaster is a pure disaster caused by natural factors
- Secondary disaster is a disaster that occurred because of human failures in an attempt to control, manage and / or reverse nature.
- Tertiary disaster is a disaster caused by advanced secondary disaster
- Quaternary disaster is an advanced disaster caused by the tertiary disaster
For more details, let us follow the example of the following sequence of events.
A town located in the limestone hills dry and always short of water in the dry season. This condition is more miserable people and cause loss of time and cost. For example they must search for a distant water source or wait for the water supply from another city.
Many cattle died because of no available food and water enough. These events can be categorized as primary disaster.
To overcome the above condition of the government's efforts to build a dam in the upstream areas that will accommodate the flow of water in the rainy season and used as a reserve in the dry season.
After the reservoir so it increases public welfare and reservoirs to be the only means of supporting life in the dry season. Due to negligence or bad officers operational and maintenance efforts building the dam at a very high rainfall occurred over-topping the dam embankment, causing the collapse of the dam. This disaster led to the newspaper life and property as much as 3 sub-districts located in the downstream areas and also cause the termination of the main bridges in the city. This event is called a secondary disaster.
Sub D and the surrounding area is on a hillside far from town A and access to the only road into town is via the bridge that broke up due to the collapse of the dam. Dissolution of the bridge disaster, subdistrict D experiencing shortages of food, fuel, people lose access and mobility to the city A, etc. have lost their livelihoods. so that before the construction of emergency bridge and new bridge D community in the district that experienced a lot of drought, disease and other losses. This event is called tertiary disaster.
Because D and the surrounding district had not received proper help, lack of food and health services and other losses that occurred then social chaos. Theft and security problems increase due to isolated areas. This event is called the Quaternary disaster.
Another example of the circuit is very much a disaster, such as volcanoes, crop failures, etc. The death of a leader.
From the above classification we be able to assess a disaster, including in the category of what and why the disaster happened. An event that seemed to be a natural disaster (primary) could be a disaster due to human error (secondary) or other follow-up disasters (tertiary or quarter).
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