Classification of disasters

Based on the causes of the occurrence of the disaster can be grouped into 2 (two) that is a disaster because the factors of nature and disaster caused by human errors. Disaster caused by natural factors such as earthquakes, tsunamis, mountain erupt, etc. They called Natural Disaster.

While the disasters cause of human errors such as the failure of buildings (broken-down embankment, bridge / building collapse, etc.), bomb terror, social unrest, war etc.

However, in addition to the above example, there is a disaster that is a combination of natural factors and human errors.

Examples of disaster due to natural factors and human errors are:

1. Flood

Nature factor: the flood occurred because the level of rainfall is high in the headwaters area, so capacity is not sufficient and river flood occurred in the area of flood plains and downstream areas.

Human error factor: flooding occurred because the deforestation was increasing so that the surface erosion occurs when rain and then the ability of soil to absorb water in a rain reduced / lost. Increased flow of surface water that ultimately flows to the river all the capacity is limited. There were floods. Other cases are flooding in dense population areas or settlements where urban drainage channels are not being built properly.

2. Landslides

Nature factor: rock weathering that occurs due to changes in temperature by heat of the sun and rain changes throughout the year, also because of corrosion activity in the belly of magma volcanoes. Rock weathering caused the thick layer of soil from time to time. When adding soil layer thickness occurs at the slope then boosted power to be reduced so that the slope stability reduced. Slopes that are less stable when it was increasing the water saturation at the time of rain added to the burden on the surface it will be easy slope landslides occur.

Human error factor: canyon slopes or landslides may occur by human activities such as cutting, housing, road development, mining etc. All of which can disrupt the stability slopes.

3. There are many more examples of the disaster of a combination between natural factors and human errors we can find such as drought, famine etc.

In the above combination of disasters can cause one of the factors such as natural or human errors but it is often the result of both factors together.

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